Chinese human rights lawyer Jiang Tianyong and his wife Jin Bianling and daughter. Source: Twitter @jinbianling

‘Worse than physical torture’ – how China uses exit bans to inflict suffering on human rights defenders and their loved ones

‘Today, I received terrible news that our dream of reunion has once again been dashed.’

On 22 May 2023, Jin Bianling learnt that her husband Jiang Tianyong’s applications for a passport and a travel pass for Hong Kong and Macau had been turned down again. It had been ten years since the disbarred award-winning human rights lawyer was separated from his wife and daughter.

Being blocked from leaving China by the authorities has become common under Xi Jinping’s rule. Some have had their passport applications or renewals turned down, others have been stopped at the airport by police, such as the exiled activist Lin Shengliang’s 12-year-old daughter, while still others have had their boarding passes torn up by airport security guards. In the case of 80-year-old historian and writer Zhang Yihe, just a word from one of the government departments was enough to bar her from leaving China. She revealed on 8 June 2023 that she had become ‘a prisoner of the state’ as of the day before, unable to travel abroad.

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Chinese human rights lawyer Lu Siwei. Credit: Radio Free Asia

中国,停止跨境打压人权捍卫者

“三个警察来了,要把我带走。不能再发信息了。”

张春晓回忆说,这是2023年7月28日她丈夫在老挝被拘留前对她说的最后的话。

卢思位是在试图前往泰国时被老挝警方带走的,他原本计划到泰国搭乘飞往美国的航班。其妻张春晓及 14 岁的女儿等候与他团聚。

卢先生是中国著名的人权律师,因多年来代理被中国当局视为异议人士而抓捕的政治案件,其律师证于 2021 年被当局吊销。

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Chinese human rights lawyer Lu Siwei. Credit: Radio Free Asia

China, stop targeting overseas human rights defenders

‘Three policemen have come. They want to take me away. I can’t send you messages anymore.’

Zhang Chunxiao recalled these as the last words her husband left her before his detention in Laos on Friday 28 July 2023.

Lu Siwei was taken by Lao police while trying to travel to Thailand, where he would board a flight to the United States to reunite with Zhang and their 14-year-old daughter.

Mr Lu is a well-known Chinese human rights lawyer, whose license was revoked by authorities in 2021 following years of representing clients deemed to be dissidents by the authorities.

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Cuban pastor Alaín Toledano Valiente.

Into Exile: Alaín Toledano Valiente

It is believed that more than 300,000 people have fled Cuba since nationwide protests swept the country on 11 July 2021. Many of them are religious leaders, journalists, human rights defenders and others who were given no choice but to leave the island under intense pressure from the Cuban government. CSW’s Into Exile series tells some of their stories.

Pastor Alaín Toledano Valiente and his wife, Marilín Alayo Correa, led Emanuel Church, one of the largest churches in terms of attendees in the eastern city of Santiago de Cuba for 20 years. As part of the charismatic Protestant Christian network known as the Apostolic Movement, which the government refuses to register, Pastor Toledano, his family and his church were subjected to two decades of intense harassment at the hands of the authorities.

Their church building was demolished on two separate occasions by the government, and Pastor Toledano and his wife were regularly subjected to summonses, interrogations and short term arbitrary detention. Meanwhile, their daughters have been the targets of bullying and violence at school, orchestrated by school officials with the backing of Cuban State Security. In August 2019 he was threatened with imprisonment if his church went ahead with a planned event for women. In October 2021, officials informed him that a criminal case had been prepared against him, meaning he could be arrested and imprisoned at any time. 

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Cuban pastor Alaín Toledano Valiente.

Al Exilio: Alaín Toledano Valiente

Se cree que más de 300.000 personas han huido de Cuba desde que las protestas a nivel nacional arrasaron el país el 11 de julio de 2021. Muchos de ellos son líderes religiosos, periodistas, defensores de los derechos humanos y otras personas que no tuvieron más opción que abandonar la isla bajo la intensa presión de el gobierno cubano. La serie Al Exilio de CSW cuenta algunas de sus historias.

El pastor Alaín Toledano Valiente y su esposa, Marilín Alayo Correa, dirigieron por más de 20 años la Iglesia Emanuel, una de las iglesias con mayor número de asistentes en la oriental ciudad de Santiago de Cuba. Como parte de la carismática red cristiana protestante conocida como Movimiento Apostólico, que el gobierno se niega a registrar, el pastor Toledano, su familia y su iglesia fueron objeto de dos décadas de intenso hostigamiento por parte de las autoridades.

El edificio de su iglesia fue demolido en dos ocasiones distintas por el gobierno, y el pastor Toledano y su esposa fueron constantemente objeto de citaciones, interrogatorios y detenciones arbitrarias breves. Mientras tanto, sus hijas fueron objeto de acoso y violencia en la escuela, orquestados por funcionarios escolares con el respaldo de la Seguridad del Estado cubano. En agosto de 2019 Toledano fue amenazado con encarcelarlo si su iglesia seguía adelante con un evento planeado para mujeres.  En octubre de 2021, los funcionarios le informaron que estaban preparando un caso penal en su contra, lo que significaba que podía ser arrestado y encarcelado en cualquier momento.

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